Question 1

Ebbinghaus found that memorizing familiar words required much less effort than memorizing nonsense syllables. This best illustrates the advantage of

Accepted Answer

A)   the spacing effect.
B)   implicit memory.
C)   source amnesia.
D)   semantic processing.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Anterograde amnesia is the inability to

Accepted Answer

A)   retrieve old memories.
B)   remember where information came from.
C)   form new memories.
D)   hold more than seven items in working memory.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The occasional tip-of-the-tongue forgetting experienced by older adults can be best explained in terms of the greater difficulty older people have with

Accepted Answer

A)   automatic processing.
B)   iconic memory.
C)   state-dependent memory.
D)   retrieval.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Long-term potentiation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the impact of deep processing on retention.
B)   an automatic tendency to recall emotionally significant events.
C)   an increase in a neuron's firing potential.
D)   the process of learning something without any conscious memory of having learned it.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following poses the greatest threat to the credibility of children's recollections of sexual abuse?

Accepted Answer

A)   the serial position effect
B)   the spacing effect
C)   the misinformation effect
D)   long-term potentiationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

When people are asked to recall a list of words they had earlier memorized, they often substitute synonyms for some of the words on the original list. This best illustrates the effects of

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit memory.
B)   source amnesia.
C)   semantic processing.
D)   state-dependent memory.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

After watching a happy film, patients' happy emotion persisted even though they could not consciously recall the film. These patients had suffered damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)   basal ganglia.
B)   hippocampus.
C)   cerebellum.
D)   amygdala.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following is most likely to be stored as an implicit memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   a mental image of one's best friend
B)   the date of one's own birth
C)   a conditioned fear of guns
D)   one's own nameE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Compared with formerly depressed people, those who are currently depressed are more likely to recall their parents as rejecting and punitive. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the misinformation effect.
B)   source amnesia.
C)   the spacing effect.
D)   mood-congruent memory.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

The happier Judie is, the more readily she recalls positive life experiences. This best illustrates that emotional states can become

Accepted Answer

A)   retrieval cues.
B)   short-term memories.
C)   sensory memories.
D)   flashbulb memories.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The title of a song is on the tip of Gerard's tongue, but he cannot recall it until someone mentions the songwriter's name. Gerard's initial inability to recall the title was most likely caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   encoding failure.
B)   automatic processing.
C)   retrieval failure.
D)   repression.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Eyewitnesses to a crime often recall the details of the crime most accurately when they return to the scene of the crime. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the spacing effect.
B)   the peg-word system.
C)   source misattribution.
D)   context-dependent memory.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Dating partners who fell in love ________ how much they liked each other when they first met. Dating partners who broke-up ________ how much they liked each other when they first met.

Accepted Answer

A)   underestimated; underestimated
B)   overestimated; overestimated
C)   underestimated; overestimated
D)   overestimated; underestimatedE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Young adults have ________ working-memory capacity than children and ________ working-memory capacity than older adults.

Accepted Answer

A)   more; less
B)   less; more
C)   more; more
D)   less; lessE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Encoding words based on the appearance of the word's letters involves

Accepted Answer

A)   the spacing effect.
B)   shallow processing.
C)   flashbulb memory.
D)   deep processing.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the typical forgetting curve?

Accepted Answer

A)   a steady, slow decline in retention over time
B)   a steady, rapid decline in retention over time
C)   a rapid initial decline in retention becoming stable thereafter
D)   a slow initial decline in retention becoming rapid thereafterE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

Remembering how to solve a puzzle without any conscious recollection that you can do so best illustrates ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   working
B)   flashbulb
C)   implicit
D)   sensoryE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

In the study led by Elizabeth Loftus, two groups of observers were asked how fast two cars had been going in a filmed traffic accident. Observers who heard the vividly descriptive word "smashed" in relation to the accident later recalled

Accepted Answer

A)   broken glass at the scene of the accident.
B)   that the drivers of the vehicles were intoxicated.
C)   that the drivers of the vehicles were males.
D)   the details of the accident with vivid accuracy.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Conscious memories of facts and personal experiences are called ________ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   mood-congruent
B)   procedural
C)   explicit
D)   iconicE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

Students often remember more information from a one-semester course than from an intensive three-week course. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   the serial position effect.
B)   automatic processing.
C)   implicit memory.
D)   the spacing effect.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Exam 8: Memory

Students often remember more information from a one-semester course than from an intensive three-week course. This best illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with formerly depressed people, those who are currently depressed are more likely to recall their parents as rejecting and punitive. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The occasional tip-of-the-tongue forgetting experienced by older adults can be best explained in terms of the greater difficulty older people have with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dating partners who fell in love ________ how much they liked each other when they first met. Dating partners who broke-up ________ how much they liked each other when they first met.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The happier Judie is, the more readily she recalls positive life experiences. This best illustrates that emotional states can become

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to be stored as an implicit memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Encoding words based on the appearance of the word's letters involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eyewitnesses to a crime often recall the details of the crime most accurately when they return to the scene of the crime. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conscious memories of facts and personal experiences are called ________ memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The title of a song is on the tip of Gerard's tongue, but he cannot recall it until someone mentions the songwriter's name. Gerard's initial inability to recall the title was most likely caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Young adults have ________ working-memory capacity than children and ________ working-memory capacity than older adults.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anterograde amnesia is the inability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Long-term potentiation refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people are asked to recall a list of words they had earlier memorized, they often substitute synonyms for some of the words on the original list. This best illustrates the effects of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the study led by Elizabeth Loftus, two groups of observers were asked how fast two cars had been going in a filmed traffic accident. Observers who heard the vividly descriptive word "smashed" in relation to the accident later recalled

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following poses the greatest threat to the credibility of children's recollections of sexual abuse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After watching a happy film, patients' happy emotion persisted even though they could not consciously recall the film. These patients had suffered damage to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Remembering how to solve a puzzle without any conscious recollection that you can do so best illustrates ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the typical forgetting curve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ebbinghaus found that memorizing familiar words required much less effort than memorizing nonsense syllables. This best illustrates the advantage of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Dating partners who fell in love how much they liked each other when they first met. Dating partners who broke-up how much they liked each other when they first met.

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Young adults have working-memory capacity than children and working-memory capacity than older adults.

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