Question 1

Phosphorylases and phosphatases catalyze the same reaction, the removal of a phosphate group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following cannot be used as a precursor for gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glycerol
B)   Pyruvate
C)   Lactate
D)   Leucine
E)   AlanineF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 3

The primary gluconeogenic organ in animals is:

Accepted Answer

A)   skeletal muscle.
B)   kidney medulla.
C)   kidney cortex.
D)   liver.
E)   heart muscle.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Flux through the pentose phosphate pathway is controlled mainly by the NADP+/NADPH ratio in the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a feedforward ________ activator of liver pyruvate kinase.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a feedforward ________ activator of...

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT involved in glycogen synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   UDP-glucose
B)   Glycogenin
C)   Amylo-(1,4 to 1,6) -transglycosylase
D)   Glycogen synthase
E)   Glycogen phosphorylaseF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

The major product from the action of glycogen phosphorylase and the debranching enzyme glucantransferase is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The major product from the action of...

Question 8

Which statement about control of glycogen metabolism is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   Epinephrine signals glycogen breakdown in muscle.
B)   Glucagon signals glycogen breakdown in liver.
C)   Glycogen phosphorylase is activated by phosphorylation.
D)   Glycogen synthase is phosphorylated at only one site.
E)   Glycogen synthase is activated by dephosphorylation.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Much of the regulation of gluconeogenesis is a result of the inhibition of glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 10

The standard free energy change of the glycolytic pathway to pyruvate is -79.9 kJ/mol, while the standard free energy change associated with gluconeogenesis from pyruvate is -42.7 kJ/mol. What would the standard free energy change be for a direct reversal of the glycolytic pathway.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The standard free energy change of the...

Question 11

The pentose phosphate pathway provides ________ for reductive biosynthesis and ________ for nucleic acid biosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

NADPH, rib...

Question 12

Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase catalyze reactions of gluconeogenesis that bypass the reaction of glycolysis that is catalyzed by ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase catalyze reactions...

Question 13

Which of the following types of reaction does NOT occur in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Isomerization
B)   Nucleophilic attack
C)   Aldol condensation
D)   Oxidation
E)   DehydrationF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are controlled by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in response to hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Glycolysis is regulated primarily by:

Accepted Answer

A)   the availability of glucose-6-phosphate.
B)   three strongly endergonic, nonequilibrium reactions.
C)   three strongly exergonic, nonequilibrium reactions.
D)   allosteric effectors of pyruvate kinase.
E)   phosphorylation of phosphofructokinase.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 16

The oxidation of glucose to lactate has a standard free energy change of approximately -196 kJ/mol. Calculate the efficiency of energy conversion if the standard free energy change for the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate is +32.2 kJ/mol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The oxidation of glucose to lactate has...

Question 17

________ from muscle working anaerobically is released to blood and can be taken up by liver where it is converted to pyruvate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ from muscle working anaerobically is released...

Question 18

Polysaccharide digestion and glycogen breakdown involve sequential cleavage from ________ ends of glucose polymers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Polysaccharide digestion and glycogen breakdown involve sequential...

Question 19

Which of the following statements about regulation of phosphofructokinase is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   AMP is an activator.
B)   ADP is an activator.
C)   Citrate is an inhibitor.
D)   Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate is an activator.
E)   ATP decreases the apparent Km for fructose-6-phosphate.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C) E

Question 20

Anaerobic glycolysis can produce ATP at a much faster rate than aerobic oxidative phosphorylation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Exam 12: Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Phosphorylases and phosphatases catalyze the same reaction, the removal of a phosphate group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following cannot be used as a precursor for gluconeogenesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary gluconeogenic organ in animals is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Flux through the pentose phosphate pathway is controlled mainly by the NADP+/NADPH ratio in the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a feedforward ________ activator of liver pyruvate kinase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT involved in glycogen synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major product from the action of glycogen phosphorylase and the debranching enzyme glucantransferase is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about control of glycogen metabolism is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Much of the regulation of gluconeogenesis is a result of the inhibition of glycolysis.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

The standard free energy change of the glycolytic pathway to pyruvate is -79.9 kJ/mol, while the standard free energy change associated with gluconeogenesis from pyruvate is -42.7 kJ/mol. What would the standard free energy change be for a direct reversal of the glycolytic pathway.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pentose phosphate pathway provides ________ for reductive biosynthesis and ________ for nucleic acid biosynthesis.

Correct AnswerverifiedNADPH, rib...View AnswerShow Answer

Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase catalyze reactions of gluconeogenesis that bypass the reaction of glycolysis that is catalyzed by ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of reaction does NOT occur in glycolysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are controlled by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate in response to hormones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glycolysis is regulated primarily by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oxidation of glucose to lactate has a standard free energy change of approximately -196 kJ/mol. Calculate the efficiency of energy conversion if the standard free energy change for the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate is +32.2 kJ/mol.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ from muscle working anaerobically is released to blood and can be taken up by liver where it is converted to pyruvate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Polysaccharide digestion and glycogen breakdown involve sequential cleavage from ________ ends of glucose polymers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about regulation of phosphofructokinase is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Anaerobic glycolysis can produce ATP at a much faster rate than aerobic oxidative phosphorylation.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

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True

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The pentose phosphate pathway provides for reductive biosynthesis and for nucleic acid biosynthesis.

Correct Answer
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NADPH, rib...
View Answer

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E

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True