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Campenni's research (1999) suggests that girls are involved in playing with cross-gender or gender-free toys.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not a reason to explain the persistence of the earnings gap between men and women?


A) Women are concentrated in lower-paying occupations.
B) Women are less efficient at their jobs because, as a rule, they assume additional responsibilities of caring for home and family.
C) Women enter the labor force at different and lower-paying levels than do men.
D) Women as a group have less education and experience than do men; therefore, they are paid less than men.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The earnings gap persists because women


A) are leaving lower paying occupations.
B) are now entering the labor force at higher paying levels than men.
C) tend to work less overtime than men.
D) bring higher education to the workplace.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Androgyny refers to the integration of traditional feminine and masculine characteristics into the same individual.

A) True
B) False

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The feminist approach


A) rejects male involvement in the family.
B) supports women's equality.
C) argues for the separation of the sexes.
D) agrees with gender stratification.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Males and females have both sets of sex hormones, androgen and estrogen.

A) True
B) False

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Class, race, ethnicity, and sexuality have a significant effect in the way masculinity and femininity are modeled.

A) True
B) False

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The hormone differences between males and female children is very slight.

A) True
B) False

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Janet Lever's research on children's play groups found that boys, more than girls,


A) played outdoors.
B) played in larger groups.
C) played in age-heterogeneous groups.
D) all of the above.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Identify which of the following is not an example of evidence that the earnings gap persists.


A) Women are concentrated in lower-paying occupations the gender segregation problem.
B) Women enter the labor force at different and lower-paying levels than men do.
C) Women as a group have less education and experience than do men; therefore, they are paid less.
D) Women tend to work much more overtime than do men.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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An analysis of television commercials indicates that women


A) appear less frequently in ads than men.
B) are seen more in work settings.
C) endorse a wide array of consumer products.
D) are the major characters in prime-time programs.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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The economic well-being of women and their children promises to improve because of the increasing concentration of minority women in middle and upper management jobs.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Although every society has certain expectations for both women and men, cross-culturally, there is little consistency in expectations for men and women.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The earnings gap for women compared to men persists because women are concentrated in lower-paying jobs.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Identify which of the following is not evidence of dominant patterns of non-verbal communication by men and women.


A) Men intrude less on other peoples personal space than women do.
B) Men touch women more than women touch men.
C) Women engage in more eye contact and smile more than men do.
D) Women generally exhibit behavior associated with low status.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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An analysis of television commercials indicates that women appear far more frequently in ads than men.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Discuss the evidence found for the so-called hidden curriculum that operates alongside the more formal curriculum in limiting the career and educational options for young women.

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The evidence for the hidden curriculum t...

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Dichotomous gender experience may be more characteristic among ________ children.


A) African-American
B) white middle class
C) lower class
D) upper class

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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In studies of non-verbal gender communication, we see that men touch women more than women touch men.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Most U.S. religions believe that men and women have the same mission in life.

A) True
B) False

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