Question 1

Distinguish between reflexive and social smiles.

Accepted Answer

A reflexive smile does not occur in resp...

Question 2

Which of the following occurs FIRST in development?

Accepted Answer

A)  trust smiling
B)  social smiling
C)  reflexive smiling
D)  attachment smilingE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following pairs is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  insecure resistant infant and abusive parenting
B)  insecure avoidant infant and rejecting parenting
C)  insecure avoidant infant and disorganized parenting
D)  disorganized infant and inconsistent parentingE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

This theorist was interested in individual differences in attachment and developed the observational measure called the Strange Situation in order to formulate and test his/her theories.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This theorist was interested in individual differences...

Question 5

Fernando is a young child who has just recently begun to smile whenever he hears his mother's voice.Approximately how old is Fernando?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 to 1 month
B)  1 to 2 months
C)  2 to 3 months
D)  3 to 4 monthsE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Briefly describe the four phases of attachment as identified by John Bowlby (1969,1989).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the four phases of attachment...

Question 7

Mary Rothbart and John Bates (2006) believe that which of these is an important dimension of infant temperament?

Accepted Answer

A)  activity level
B)  self-regulation
C)  being slow to warm up
D)  behavioral inhibitionE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

The match between a child's temperament and the environmental demands with which the child must cope.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The match between a child's temperament and...

Question 9

Which of the following statements about temperament is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperament is fixed and unchangeable.
B)  Temperament is fluid and changes throughout childhood and adulthood.
C)  Temperament is a biologically based but evolving aspect of behavior.
D)  Temperament tends to be unchangeable during infancy and childhood,but it is more fluid in adulthood when individuals are allowed to choose their own environments.E) All of the above
F) B) and C) C

Question 10

Beth,who is 6 months old,has a 17-year-old mother who is not sure about how to interact with her.Beth's mother is inconsistent,sometimes responding to Beth's needs and sometimes not responding to her needs.Beth most likely will be a(n) _______ infant.

Accepted Answer

A)  secure
B)  insecure avoidant
C)  insecure resistant
D)  insecure organizedE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

When Josh was dropped off at preschool on the very first day of class,he was quite upset.He cried for a long time and would not play with the other children.What type of temperament does Josh have?

Accepted Answer

A)  slow-to-warm-up
B)  easy
C)  difficult
D)  inflexibleE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

A close emotional bond between an infant and a caregiver.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A close emotional bond between an infant...

Question 13

When parents select and attend to certain behaviors,initially demonstrating them for their child,then gradually turning over more of the responsibility for the behavior to the child,the parents are engaging in:

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment.
B)  scaffolding.
C)  indirect interactions.
D)  reciprocal socialization.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 14

An attachment classification that is characterized by the infant's behaviors in the Strange Situation.These infants engage in little interaction with the caregiver,are not upset when the caregiver leaves the room,and do not reestablish contact with the caregiver on reunion.

Accepted Answer

insecure a...

Question 15

Jerome Kagan's classification of temperament focuses on:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition to the unfamiliar.
B)  positive or negative mood state.
C)  effortful control.
D)  (hyper) activity level.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Evidence that supports the idea that emotions have a strong biological foundation includes all of the following,EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  facial expressions of basic emotions are the same across cultures.
B)  babies who are born blind,and thus have never seen a facial expression of emotion,smile in the same way that babies with normal vision do.
C)  men and women share the same basic emotions.
D)  babies who are born blind,and thus have never seen a facial expression of emotion,frown in the same way that babies with normal vision do.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

According to some research,what might be more important than attachment style in predicting later social functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament
B)  consistency in caregiving
C)  level of autonomy
D)  adaptabilityE) C) and D)
F) All of the above B

Question 18

Monsena is an independent and adventurous child who likes to explore new places in her environment.However,her mother is overly controlling and rigid.Developmental psychologists would say that a discussion of this discrepancy concerns:

Accepted Answer

A)  goodness of fit.
B)  nonreciprocal interactions.
C)  social dysfunction.
D)  insecure attachment.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

According to Erik Erikson,which of the following is TRUE concerning children and autonomy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children who are exploring can never be given too much autonomy by their parents.
B)  Children need to develop a sense of shame before they can understand autonomy.
C)  Children develop autonomy first and learn to experience shame and doubt later in life.
D)  Children feel excessive shame and doubt if consistently overprotected or criticized.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C) D

Question 20

Socialization that is bidirectional;that is,children socialize parents just as parents socialize children.

Accepted Answer

reciprocal...

Exam 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Distinguish between reflexive and social smiles.

Correct AnswerverifiedA reflexive smile does not occur in resp...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following occurs FIRST in development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pairs is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This theorist was interested in individual differences in attachment and developed the observational measure called the Strange Situation in order to formulate and test his/her theories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fernando is a young child who has just recently begun to smile whenever he hears his mother's voice.Approximately how old is Fernando?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe the four phases of attachment as identified by John Bowlby (1969,1989).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mary Rothbart and John Bates (2006) believe that which of these is an important dimension of infant temperament?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The match between a child's temperament and the environmental demands with which the child must cope.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about temperament is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Beth,who is 6 months old,has a 17-year-old mother who is not sure about how to interact with her.Beth's mother is inconsistent,sometimes responding to Beth's needs and sometimes not responding to her needs.Beth most likely will be a(n) _______ infant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Josh was dropped off at preschool on the very first day of class,he was quite upset.He cried for a long time and would not play with the other children.What type of temperament does Josh have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A close emotional bond between an infant and a caregiver.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When parents select and attend to certain behaviors,initially demonstrating them for their child,then gradually turning over more of the responsibility for the behavior to the child,the parents are engaging in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An attachment classification that is characterized by the infant's behaviors in the Strange Situation.These infants engage in little interaction with the caregiver,are not upset when the caregiver leaves the room,and do not reestablish contact with the caregiver on reunion.

Correct Answerverifiedinsecure a...View AnswerShow Answer

Jerome Kagan's classification of temperament focuses on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence that supports the idea that emotions have a strong biological foundation includes all of the following,EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to some research,what might be more important than attachment style in predicting later social functioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Monsena is an independent and adventurous child who likes to explore new places in her environment.However,her mother is overly controlling and rigid.Developmental psychologists would say that a discussion of this discrepancy concerns:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Erik Erikson,which of the following is TRUE concerning children and autonomy?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Socialization that is bidirectional;that is,children socialize parents just as parents socialize children.

Correct Answerverifiedreciprocal...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
A reflexive smile does not occur in resp...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
insecure a...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified
reciprocal...
View Answer