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The leader of the Lydians who fell to Cyrus was


A) Cambyses.
B) Miltiades.
C) Astyages.
D) Croesus.
E) Darius.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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D

The emperor of the Achaemenid empire at its greatest extent was Cyrus.

A) True
B) False

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Gimillu was


A) the Persian general who lost the battle of Marathon to the Greeks.
B) the most important text created by Zarathustra.
C) a slave associated with the temple in Uruk.
D) the founder of the Sasanid empire.
E) the leading Persian prophet.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The population of the Achaemenid empire under Darius was


A) one million.
B) three million.
C) six million.
D) eleven million.
E) thirty-five million.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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Examine Map 7.1,The Achaemenid and Seleucid empires,558-330 B.C.E.Compare the size of the Achaemenid empire to the size of earlier states,as well as to that of the later Seleucids,Parthians,and Sasanids.What would be the difficulties of ruling a state this large? How cosmopolitan was the Achaemenid empire? Explain the significance of the Royal Road.B.C.E.and 323-83

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Map 7.1 shows the Achaemenid and Seleuci...

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Cambyses was the Persian emperor who captured Egypt.

A) True
B) False

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Look at Map 7.2 The Parthian and Sasanid empires,247 B.C.E.-651 C.E.Compare these empires to the earlier Achaemenid state.How did the Achaemenids influence the Parthian and Sasanid empires? What were the main contributions of the Achaemenids to history?

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The Achaemenid state, which existed from...

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What was the role of the imperial bureaucrats in Persian society? How did they fit in with the other social classes?

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The imperial bureaucrats in Persian society played a crucial role in the administration and governance of the empire. They were responsible for collecting taxes, maintaining records, and overseeing various aspects of the government. They were highly educated and often came from noble or wealthy families, and their positions were typically passed down through generations. In terms of their place in the social hierarchy, imperial bureaucrats were considered to be part of the upper class. They held significant power and influence within the government and often had close ties to the ruling elite. However, they were also distinct from the traditional aristocracy and military leaders, as their authority was based on their administrative skills and knowledge rather than their lineage or military prowess. Overall, the imperial bureaucrats were an essential part of Persian society, serving as the backbone of the government and playing a key role in maintaining the stability and functioning of the empire. Their position allowed them to interact with and influence other social classes, as they were responsible for implementing and enforcing government policies that affected all levels of society.

Which of the following was true of Persian emperor Xerxes?


A) He ruled over the least violent period of the Achaemenid empire.
B) He showed extreme toleration for subject peoples.
C) He tried to impose Persian values on Mesopotamia and Egypt.
D) He harshly repressed rebellions and was seen as cruel.
E) He sought to prevent his successor,Darius,from damaging his legacy.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Describe the status of the free classes and slaves during the Persian empires.How was each connected to the economy and what contributions did each make to the larger society?

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During the Persian empires, the status o...

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The decisive victory of Alexander of Macedon over the Persians was called the battle of


A) Gaugamela.
B) Marathon.
C) Persepolis.
D) Issus.
E) Athens.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The victories of the Greeks at Marathon and of Alexander of Macedon at Gaugamela are all too often seen as victories for the rise of civilization.In what ways might these Persian losses be considered losses for the rise of civilization?

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The victories of the Greeks at Marathon and Alexander of Macedon at Gaugamela are often celebrated as triumphs for the rise of civilization, as they marked significant turning points in the history of ancient Greece and the spread of Hellenistic culture. However, it is important to consider the Persian losses in these battles as setbacks for the rise of civilization in certain ways. Firstly, the Persian Empire was a highly advanced civilization in its own right, with significant contributions to art, architecture, and governance. The defeat of the Persians at Marathon and Gaugamela meant a loss of their influence and potential contributions to the development of civilization. Additionally, the Persian Empire was known for its tolerance of diverse cultures and religions within its vast territories. The conquests of Alexander and the subsequent spread of Greek influence led to the imposition of Hellenistic culture on many of these diverse societies, potentially stifling the development of their own unique civilizations. Furthermore, the Persian losses in these battles contributed to a power shift in the ancient world, leading to the rise of the Hellenistic and later Roman civilizations. While these civilizations made significant contributions to the development of art, philosophy, and science, it also led to the dominance of certain cultural and political ideologies, potentially limiting the diversity and exchange of ideas that are essential for the flourishing of civilization. In conclusion, while the victories of the Greeks and Alexander of Macedon are often celebrated as triumphs for the rise of civilization, it is important to recognize the losses for the Persian Empire as setbacks for the diversity and potential contributions of different civilizations. The impact of these battles on the development of civilization is complex and multifaceted, and it is important to consider the broader implications beyond the immediate triumph of one culture over another.

How did Cyrus manage to expand the Persian holdings so dramatically during his lifetime?

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Cyrus managed to expand the Persian hold...

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Look at the carving of Darius on page 140.How does it reflect the hierarchy of government and the power of the Achaemenid empire under Darius? Is the location of the carving significant?

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The carving of Darius on page 140 reflec...

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Examine Cyrus's tomb at Pasargadae on page 138 and of the ruins of Persepolis on page 139.Discuss the significance of Alexander of Macedon paying homage to the tomb of Cyrus but also,either intentionally or not,burning down Persepolis.

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Cyrus the Great was the founder of the A...

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The magnificent capital of the Persian empire constructed by Darius was


A) Byzantium.
B) Pasargadae.
C) Marathon.
D) Susa.
E) Persepolis.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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Which of the following was NOT a basic tenet of Zoroastrianism?


A) the belief in a heaven and hell
B) the encouragement of high moral standards
C) the view of the material world as a place of temptation that had to be ignored
D) the doctrine that individuals will undergo a final judgment
E) the belief that each individual could help determine his or her spiritual destiny

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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What was a satrapy? How did satrapies help the Achaemenids rule their empire?

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A satrapy was a province or administrati...

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Which of the following lists of Persian empires is listed in correct chronological order,from earliest to latest?


A) Achaemenids,Sasanids,Seleucids,Parthians
B) Parthians,Achaemenids,Seleucids,Sasanids
C) Sasanids,Parthians,Seleucids,Achaemenids
D) Achaemenids,Seleucids,Parthians,Sasanids
E) Sasanids,Seleucids,Parthians,Achaemenids

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Who used the words,"Neither snow nor rain nor heat nor gloom of night stays these couriers from the swift completion of their appointed rounds," to describe the Persian courier service?


A) Cyrus
B) Xerxes
C) Darius
D) Herodotus
E) Homer

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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