A) Prophets foretold the future, giving the Hebrews a permanent advantage over their enemies.
B) Prophets served as role models for material success.
C) Prophets gradually declined in importance as the loose confederation of Hebrew tribes was united into a single kingdom.
D) Prophets often appeared in times of national disaster or moral confusion; they exhorted the nation to obey God's law.
E) Prophets agreed with the priests' consistent insistence on deeper spiritual insight and morality in everyday life.
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A) some magnificent sections of the Old Testament took form.
B) the Israelites subdued neighboring peoples during the reign of David.
C) the Israelites began the gradual colonization of Canaan.
D) the Israelites faced challenges from the Philistines.
E) the Israelite belief in one God immediately produced the belief in a single, almighty king appointed by God for all of the Hebrew peoples.
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A) Amos
B) Hosea
C) Isaiah
D) Zedekiah
E) Jeremiah
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A) justify their achievements as a great empire.
B) develop a rational view of the universe.
C) initiate a process of self-discovery and self-realization unmatched by other Near Eastern peoples.
D) achieve absolute equality between men and women.
E) all of the above
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A) all of the Hebrews refused to assimilate to Babylonian ways.
B) Hebrew priests preached a message of despair that led to the erosion of faith.
C) the written tradition of the Hebrews was lost.
D) Hebrew priests struggled to understand the misfortunes that had befallen their people.
E) all of the above
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A) are able to draw on plentiful references to the Hebrews in nonbiblical sources.
B) have to rely almost entirely on the Hebrew Bible.
C) are united in their opinion on the accuracy of the Bible.
D) have reached consensus on the reliability of the information contained in the Bible.
E) all of the above
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A) individualism.
B) God's transcendence.
C) monotheism.
D) universalism.
E) the Covenant.
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A) noting that the Hebrews did not regard nature in and of itself as divine.
B) describing early Hebrew contributions to astronomy and mathematics.
C) asserting that the Hebrews created the world's first phonetic writing system.
D) noting early Hebrew advances in irrigation technology.
E) explaining how the Hebrews replaced the mythic-religious worldview with theoretical science.
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A) Yahweh was eternal.
B) the Hebrew God did not possess human attributes such as anger, jealousy, or satisfaction.
C) the Hebrew God was omnipotent, sovereign, and not subject to fate.
D) Yahweh was transcendent, that is, he was above nature and not part of it.
E) the Hebrew God created a universe that itself was not divine.
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A) Assyrians.
B) Philistines.
C) Canaanites.
D) Babylonians.
E) Romans.
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A) were responsible for the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem.
B) encouraged the assimilation of the Hebrews to Babylonian ways.
C) were kings of Judah following the Assyrian conquest of Israel.
D) died in battle against the Chaldeans.
E) saw the destruction of Judah as a punishment for violating God's laws.
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A) Mesopotamia and Egypt were both the birthplace of civilization and the spiritual ancestors of the West.
B) Mesopotamia and Egypt were the birthplace of civilization, but only the Greeks and the Romans were spiritual ancestors of the West.
C) Mesopotamia and Egypt were the birthplace of civilization, but the Hebrews and the Greeks were the spiritual ancestors of the West.
D) The Greeks and the Romans were the spiritual ancestors of the West because they totally ignored the older civilizations in Mesopotamia and Egypt.
E) Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Hebrews and the Greeks were all spiritual ancestors of the West.
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