Question 1

Which dose-response relationship can follow a sigmoid curve?

Accepted Answer

A)   linear-nonthreshold
B)   linear-threshold
C)   nonlinear-nonthreshold
D)   nonlinear-thresholdE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

_____ is a measure of the rate that energy is transferred from ionizing radiation to soft tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)   LET
B)   RBE
C)   MeV
D)   OERE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Fractionation and protraction are used for radiation therapy because they allow the patient to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   recover between doses
B)   have higher total doses
C)   repair damaged tissues
D)   all of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The human application of radioprotective agents would _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   double radiation damage
B)   be fatally toxic
C)   reduce radiation effects by half
D)   reduce radiation effects by one fourthE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) B

Question 5

Human cells cannot recover from radiation damage after there is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   cellular repair
B)   cellular repopulation
C)   interphase death
D)   sublethal damageE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Radiation induced genetic damage follows a _____ dose-response relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)   linear-nonthreshold
B)   linear-threshold
C)   nonlinear-nonthreshold
D)   nonlinear-thresholdE) C) and D)
F) A) and B) A

Question 7

Studies of the effects of radiation show that low doses may _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   stimulate the immune system
B)   extend the life span
C)   stimulate hormonal responses
D)   all of the aboveE) A) and D)
F) None of the above D

Question 8

The law of _____ states that the radiosensitivity of living tissue is a function of the metabolism and maturation of that tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)   Watson and Crick
B)   Roentgen and Plank
C)   Hurter and Driffield
D)   Bergonie and TribondeauE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

If a response to radiation is expected,no matter how small the dose,then that dose-response is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   linear
B)   nonlinear
C)   nonthreshold
D)   thresholdE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

As LET _____,the RBE _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases, remains the same
B)   decreases, remains the same
C)   increases, increases
D)   increases, decreasesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Humans are most radiosensitive during _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   fetal stages
B)   infancy
C)   adulthood
D)   old ageE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

A protracted dose of radiation is given _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   over a long period of time
B)   all at one short exposure
C)   in a series of separate doses
D)   in two large dosesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The human dose-response relationship at low ranges of radiation is calculated using _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   known responses from low doses
B)   extrapolation from high ranges
C)   human experiments
D)   all of the aboveE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Tissues that are _____ with a _____ metabolic rate are more radiosensitive.

Accepted Answer

A)   immature, low
B)   immature, high
C)   mature, low
D)   mature, highE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Tissue is _____ radiosensitive under high oxygen conditions and _____ radiosensitive under hypoxic conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)   less, equally
B)   less, more
C)   more, less
D)   more, equallyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

A _____ response to radiation is directly proportional to the dose received.

Accepted Answer

A)   linear
B)   nonlinear
C)   curvilinear
D)   non-thresholdE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

The possible beneficial effect of a small amount of radiation is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   radiosensitizing
B)   hormesis
C)   radioprotection
D)   protractionE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

A dose of 10 Gy given to a patient in 5 doses of 2 Gy per day is a _____ dose.

Accepted Answer

A)   protracted
B)   fractionated
C)   diagnostic
D)   fatalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

The RBE of diagnostic x-rays is equal to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   20
B)   10
C)   5
D)   1E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

The LET of diagnostic x-rays is _____ keV/ μm.

Accepted Answer

A)   0.2
B)   0.3
C)   3.0
D)   50E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 30: Fundamental Principles of Radiobiology

Which dose-response relationship can follow a sigmoid curve?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is a measure of the rate that energy is transferred from ionizing radiation to soft tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fractionation and protraction are used for radiation therapy because they allow the patient to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human application of radioprotective agents would _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Human cells cannot recover from radiation damage after there is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Radiation induced genetic damage follows a _____ dose-response relationship.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Studies of the effects of radiation show that low doses may _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The law of _____ states that the radiosensitivity of living tissue is a function of the metabolism and maturation of that tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a response to radiation is expected,no matter how small the dose,then that dose-response is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As LET _____,the RBE _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans are most radiosensitive during _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A protracted dose of radiation is given _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human dose-response relationship at low ranges of radiation is calculated using _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tissues that are _____ with a _____ metabolic rate are more radiosensitive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tissue is _____ radiosensitive under high oxygen conditions and _____ radiosensitive under hypoxic conditions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A _____ response to radiation is directly proportional to the dose received.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The possible beneficial effect of a small amount of radiation is called _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A dose of 10 Gy given to a patient in 5 doses of 2 Gy per day is a _____ dose.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RBE of diagnostic x-rays is equal to _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The LET of diagnostic x-rays is _____ keV/ μm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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D

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As LET _,the RBE _.

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Tissues that are _ with a _ metabolic rate are more radiosensitive.

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Tissue is _ radiosensitive under high oxygen conditions and _ radiosensitive under hypoxic conditions.

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